Quaternary ammonium salt - Names and Identifiers
Quaternary ammonium salt - Introduction
Quaternary ammonium salts are a class of positively charged organic cation salts that contain a quaternary amine group (a nitrogen atom on an organic group to which four alkyl or aromatic groups are attached). These compounds have some of the following properties:
1. high solubility: Quaternary ammonium salt soluble in water, and can form a stable solution. This makes them widely used in fields such as water treatment, surfactants and ionic liquids.
2. Excellent surfactant properties: Quaternary ammonium salt has strong surface activity and can form micelles or microemulsions in water. This property makes it widely used in products such as detergents, softeners, degreasers and emulsifiers.
3. antibacterial: because the Quaternary ammonium salt has a positive charge, it can attract the negative charge in the cell membrane of bacteria and other microorganisms, destroy the cell membrane structure and inhibit its growth. Therefore, they are also commonly used as antiseptics and disinfectants.
A common method of making Quaternary ammonium salt is through a quaternary chemical reaction. This reaction reacts a quaternary amine with the corresponding alkane halide to replace one or more of the alkyl groups of the quaternary amine group with a halide ion, thereby generating the Quaternary ammonium salt.
Regarding safety information, Quaternary ammonium salt is generally a low-toxic compound. However, highly concentrated solutions of Quaternary ammonium salt may be irritating to human skin and eyes. In addition, long-term exposure to Quaternary ammonium salt or inhalation of its aerosols in large quantities may pose a potential health hazard. Therefore, Quaternary ammonium salt should be used in accordance with appropriate safe operating procedures, and should be handled and stored in an appropriate environment.
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:04:16